Stephen Hawking’s 80th birthday : Google Doodle celebrates Theoretical Physicist Birthday
Stephen William Hawking CH CBE FRS FRSA (8 January 1942 – 14 March 2018) was an English theoretical physicist, cosmologist, and author who, at the time of his death, was director of research at the Centre for Theoretical Cosmology at the University of Cambridge. Between 1979 and 2009 he was the Lucasian Professor of Mathematics at the University of Cambridge.
Hawking was born in Oxford, into a family of physicians. In October 1959, at the age of 17, he began his university education at University College, Oxford, where he received a first-class BA degree in physics. In October 1962 he began his graduate work at Trinity Hall, Cambridge, where in March 1966 he obtained his PhD degree in applied mathematics and theoretical physics, specialising in general relativity and cosmology. In 1963 Hawking was diagnosed with an early-onset slow-progressing form of motor neurone disease (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis – ALS, for short) that gradually, over the decades, paralysed him. After the loss of his speech, he communicated through a speech-generating device initially through use of a handheld switch, and eventually by using a single cheek muscle.
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Hawking’s scientific works included a collaboration with Roger Penrose on gravitational singularity theorems in the framework of general relativity, and the theoretical prediction that black holes emit radiation, often called Hawking radiation. Initially, Hawking radiation was controversial. By the late 1970s and following the publication of further research, the discovery was widely accepted as a major breakthrough in theoretical physics. Hawking was the first to set out a theory of cosmology explained by a union of the general theory of relativity and quantum mechanics. He was a vigorous supporter of the many-worlds interpretation of quantum mechanics.
Hawking achieved commercial success with several works of popular science in which he discussed his theories and cosmology in general. His book A Brief History of Time appeared on the Sunday Times bestseller list for a record-breaking 237 weeks. Hawking was a Fellow of the Royal Society, a lifetime member of the Pontifical Academy of Sciences, and a recipient of the Presidential Medal of Freedom, the highest civilian award in the United States. In 2002, Hawking was ranked number 25 in the BBC’s poll of the 100 Greatest Britons. He died on 14 March 2018 at the age of 76, after living with motor neurone disease for more than 50 years.
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Google Doodle celebrates Theoretical Physicist Birthday
The video Google Doodle for today honours English cosmologist, author, and theoretical physicist Stephen Hawking, one of history’s most influential scientific minds. To date, his best-selling books have sold millions of copies and revolutionised modern physics with his theories about the origins and mechanics of the universe.
It was on this day in 1942 that Stephen William Hawking was born at Oxford University. His interest in the workings of the universe from an early age earned him the moniker “Einstein.” After being diagnosed with a neurodegenerative disease at the age of 21, Hawking was inspired to pursue a career in physics, mathematics, and cosmology by the music of composer Richard Wagner and the love of his future wife Jane Wilde.
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During his doctoral thesis at the University of Cambridge in 1965, Hawking presented the revolutionary theory that space and time originated from a singularity, a point both infinitely small and dense, which is best known today as the key characteristic of black holes. ‘ Gonville and Caius College in Cambridge, where Hawking would spend the rest of his academic career, accepted him as an undergraduate research fellow in 1983. Stephen Hawking’s fascination with black holes led him to discover in 1974 that particles could escape black holes. Known as “Hawking radiation,” this idea is widely regarded as one of Hawking’s most significant contributions to the field of physics.
Since Isaac Newton held the Lucasian Professorship of Mathematics from 1669 until 1979, Stephen Hawking’s groundbreaking work on black holes has earned him the title. Dr. Stephen Hawking released his doctoral thesis on a University of Cambridge site in 2017, which was overwhelmed by traffic and crashed.
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Thank you for changing the way the world views the universe through your groundbreaking work!
