| Border
Security using Wireless Integrated Network Sensors |
Definition
Wireless Integrated Network Sensors (WINS) now provide a new monitoring and
control capability for monitoring the borders of the country. Using this concept
we can easily identify a stranger or some terrorists entering the border. The
border area is divided into number of nodes. Each node is in contact with each
other and with the main node. The noise produced by the foot-steps of the stranger
are collected using the sensor. This sensed signal is then converted into power
spectral density and the compared with reference value of our convenience. Accordingly
the compared value is processed using a microprocessor, which sends appropriate
signals to the main node. Thus the stranger is identified at the main node. A
series of interface, signal processing, and communication systems have been implemented
in micro power CMOS circuits. A micro power spectrum analyzer has been developed
to enable low power operation of the entire WINS system.
Thus WINS require a Microwatt of power. But it is very cheaper when compared to
other security systems such as RADAR under use. It is even used for short distance
communication less than 1 Km. It produces a less amount of delay. Hence it is
reasonably faster. On a global scale, WINS will permit monitoring of land, water,
and air resources for environmental monitoring. On a national scale, transportation
systems, and borders will be monitored for efficiency, safety, and security.
INTRODUCTION
Wireless Integrated Network Sensors (WINS) combine
sensing, signal processing, decision capability, and wireless networking capability
in a compact, low power system. Compact geometry and low cost allows WINS to be
embedded and distributed at a small fraction of the cost of conventional wireline
sensor and actuator systems. On a local, wide-area scale, battlefield situational
awareness will provide personnel health monitoring and enhance security and efficiency.
Also, on a metropolitan scale, new traffic, security, emergency, and disaster
recovery services will be enabled by WINS. On a local, enterprise scale, WINS
will create a manufacturing information service for cost and quality control.
The opportunities for WINS depend on the development of scalable, low cost, sensor
network architecture. This requires that sensor information be conveyed to the
user at low bit rate with low power transceivers. Continuous sensor signal processing
must be provided to enable constant monitoring of events in an environment. Distributed
signal processing and decision making enable events to be identified at the remote
sensor. Thus, information in the form of decisions is conveyed in short message
packets. Future applications of distributed embedded processors and sensors will
require massive numbers of devices. In this paper we have concentrated in the
most important application, Border Security.
WINS
SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE
Conventional wireless networks are supported by complex
protocols that are developed for voice and data transmission for handhelds and
mobile terminals. These networks are also developed to support communication over
long range (up to 1km or more) with link bit rate over 100kbps. In contrast to
conventional wireless networks, the WINS network must support large numbers of
sensors in a local area with short range and low average bit rate communication
(less than 1kbps). The network design must consider the requirement to service
dense sensor distributions with an emphasis on recovering environment information.
Multihop communication yields large power and scalability advantages for WINS
networks. Multihop communication, therefore, provides an immediate advance in
capability for the WINS narrow Bandwidth devices.
However, WINS Multihop Communication
networks permit large power reduction and the implementation of dense node distribution.
The multihop communication has been shown in the figure 2. The figure 1 represents
the general structure of the wireless integrated network sensors (WINS) arrangement.
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