| Isoloop
Magnetic Couplers |
INTROUCTION : Isoloop Magnetic Couplers
Couplers, also known as "isolators"
because they electrically isolate as well as transmit data, are widely used in
industrial and factory networks, instruments, and telecommunications. Every one
knows the problems with optocouplers. They take up a lot of space, are slow, optocouplers
age and their temperature range is quite limited. For years, optical couplers
were the only option. Over the years, most of the components used to build instrumentation
circuits have become ever smaller. Optocoupler technology, however, hasn't kept
up. Existing coupler technologies look like dinosaurs on modern circuit boards. Magnetic
couplers are analogous to optocouplers in a number of ways. Design engineers,
especially in instrumentation technology, will welcome a galvanically-isolated
data coupler with integrated signal conversion in a single IC. My report will
give a detailed study about 'Isoloop Magnetic Couplers'. 2.
INDUSTRIAL NETWORKS NEED ISOLATION 2.1
GROUND LOOPS
When equipment using different power supplies is tied together
(with a common ground connection) there is a potential for ground loop currents
to exist. This is an induced current in the common ground line as a result of
a difference in ground potentials at each piece of equipment. Normally all grounds
are not in the same potential.
Widespread electrical and communications networks
often have nodes with different ground domains. The potential difference between
these grounds can be AC or DC, and can contain various noise components. Grounds
connected by cable shielding or logic line ground can create a ground loop-unwanted
current flow in the cable. Ground-loop currents can degrade data signals, produce
excessive EMI, damage components, and, if the current is large enough, present
a shock hazard. Galvanic
isolation between circuits or nodes in different ground domains eliminates these
problems, seamlessly passing signal information while isolating ground potential
differences and common-mode transients. Adding isolation components to a circuit
or network is considered good design practice and is often mandated by industry
standards. Isolation is frequently used in modems, LAN and industrial network
interfaces (e.g., network hubs, routers, and switches), telephones, printers,
fax machines, and switched-mode power supplies.
GALVANIC
COUPLERS
Magnetic couplers are analogous to optocouplers in a number of
ways. Optocouplers transmit signals by means of light through a bulk dielectric
that provides galvanic isolation
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