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INTROUCTION
Have you pulled your car up
to the gas pump lately and been shocked by the high price of gasoline? As the
pump clicked past $20 or $30, maybe you thought about trading in that SUV for
something that gets better mileage. Or maybe you are worried that your car is
contributing to the greenhouse effect. Or maybe you just want to have the coolest
car on the block. Currently,
there is a solution for all this problems; it's the hybrid electric vehicle. The
vehicle is lighter and roomier than a purely electric vehicle, because there is
less need to carry as many heavy batteries. The internal combustion engine in
hybrid-electric is much smaller and lighter and more efficient than the engine
in a conventional vehicle. In fact, most automobile manufacturers have announced
plans to manufacture their own hybrid versions. How
does a hybrid car work? What goes on under the hood to give you 20 or 30 more
miles per gallon than the standard automobile? And does it pollute less just because
it gets better gas mileage. In this seminar we will study how this amazing technology
works and also discuss about TOYOTA & HONDA hybrid cars. WHAT
IS A "HYBRID ELECTRIC VEHICLE"?
Any vehicle is hybrid when it combines two or more sources of power. In fact,
many people have probably owned a hybrid vehicle at some point. For example, a
mo-ped (a motorized pedal bike) is a type of hybrid because it combines the power
of a gasoline engine with the pedal power of its rider. Hybrid
electric vehicles are all around us. Most of the locomotives we see pulling trains
are diesel-electric hybrids. Cities like Seattle have diesel-electric buses --
these can draw electric power from overhead wires or run on diesel when they are
away from the wires. Giant mining trucks are often diesel-electric hybrids. Submarines
are also hybrid vehicles -- some are nuclear-electric and some are diesel-electric.
Any vehicle that combines two or more sources of power that can directly or indirectly
provide propulsion power is a hybrid. The
most commonly used hybrid is gasoline-electric hybrid car which is just a cross
between a gasoline-powered car and an electric car. A 'gasoline-electric hybrid
car' or 'hybrid electric vehicle' is a vehicle which relies not only on batteries
but also on an internal combustion engine which drives a generator to provide
the electricity and may also drive a wheel. In hybrid electric vehicle the engine
is the final source of the energy used to power the car. All electric cars use
batteries charged by an external source, leading to the problem of range which
is being solved in hybrid electric vehicle.
HYBRID
STRUCTURE
You can combine the two power sources found in a hybrid car in different ways.
One way, known as a parallel hybrid, has a fuel tank, which supplies gasoline
to the engine. But it also has a set of batteries that supplies power to an electric
motor. Both the engine and the electric motor can turn the transmission at the
same time, and the transmission then turns the wheels.
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