| Image
Processing & Compression Technique |
An image defined in the "real world" is considered to be a function
of two real variables say x,y.
Before going to processing an image, it is
converted into a digital form. Digitization includes sampling of image and quantization
of sampled values.
After converting the image into bit information, processing
is performed.
This processing technique may be,
" Image enhancement
" Image reconstruction
" Image compression
Image enhancement
refers to accentuation, or sharpening, of image features such as boundaries.
Image restoration is concerned with filtering the observed image to minimize the
effect of degradations.
Image compression is concerned with minimizing the
no of bits required to represent an image.
Text compression - CCITT GROUP3
& GROUP4
Still image compression - JPEG
Video image compression -MPEG INTRODUCTION
Modern digital technology has made it possible to manipulate multi-dimensional
signals with systems that range from simple digital circuits to advanced parallel
computers. The goal of this manipulation can be divided into three categories:
* Image Processing image in -> image
out
* Image Analysis image in -> measurements out
* Image Understanding
image in -> high-level description out
Image
processing is referred to processing of a 2D picture by a computer.
Basic
definitions:
An image defined in the "real world" is considered
to be a function of two real variables, for example, a(x,y) with a as the amplitude
(e.g. brightness) of the image at the real coordinate position (x,y).
An
image may be considered to contain sub-images sometimes referred to as regions-of-interest,
ROIs, or simply regions. This concept reflects the fact that images frequently
contain collections of objects each of which can be the basis for a region. In
a sophisticated image processing system it should be possible to apply specific
image processing operations to selected regions. Thus one part of an image (region)
might be processed to suppress motion blur while another part might be processed
to improve color rendition.
The most requirements for image processing of
images is that the images be available in digitized form, that is, arrays of finite
length binary words. For digitization, the given Image is sampled on a discrete
grid and each sample or pixel is quantized using a finite number of bits. The
digitized image is processed by a computer. To display a digital image, it is
first converted into analog signal, which is scanned onto a display. PROCESSING
TECHNIQUES
" Image enhancement
" Image restoration
"
Image compression etc.
Image enhancement:
It refers to accentuation, or sharpening, of image features such as boundaries,
or contrast to make a graphic display more useful for display & analysis.
Image restoration:
It is concerned with filtering the observed image
to minimize the effect of degradations. Effectiveness of image restoration depends
on the extent and accuracy of the knowledge of degradation process as well as
on filter design.
Image compression:
It is concerned with minimizing
the no of bits required to represent an image.
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