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Definition
As XML becomes a predominant
means of linking blocks of information together, there is a requirement to secure
specific information. That is to allow authorized entities access to specific
information and prevent access to that specific information from unauthorized
entities. Current methods on the Internet include password protection, smart card,
PKI, tokens and a variety of other schemes. These typically solve the problem
of accessing the site from unauthorized users, but do not provide mechanisms for
the protection of specific information from all those who have authorized access
to the site. Now that XML is being used to
provide searchable and organized information there is a sense of urgency to provide
a standard to protect certain parts or elements from unauthorized access. The
objective of XML encryption is to provide a standard methodology that prevents
unauthorized access to specific information within an XML document. XML
(Extensible Markup Language) was developed by an XML Working Group (originally
known as the SGML Editorial Review Board) formed under the auspices of the World
Wide Web Consortium (W3C) in 1996. Even though there was HTML, DHTML AND SGML
XML was developed byW3C to achieve the following design goals. "
XML shall be straightforwardly usable over the Internet.
" XML shall
be compatible with SGML.
" It shall be easy to write programs, which
process XML documents.
" The design of XML shall be formal and concise.
" XML documents shall be easy to create. XML
was created so that richly structured documents could be used over the web. The
other alternate is HTML and SGML are not practical for this purpose.HTML comes
bound with a set of semantics and does not provide any arbitrary structure. Even
though SGML provides arbitrary structure, it is too difficult to implement just
for web browser. Since SGML is so comprehensive that only large corporations can
justify the cost of its implementations. The
eXtensible Markup Language, abbreviated as XML, describes a class of data objects
called XML documents and partially describes the behavior of computer programs
which process them. Thus XML is a restricted form of SGML
A data object is an XML document if it is well-formed,
as defined in this specification. A well-formed XML document may in addition be
valid if it meets certain further constraints.Each XML document has both a logical
and a physical structure. Physically, the document is composed of units called
entities. An entity may refer to other entities to cause their inclusion in the
document. A document begins in a "root" or document entity
/p>
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